Food Resources Biodiversity: The Case of Local Cattle in Slovakia

This study aimed to assess the level of biodiversity in selected local cattle populations as important food resources Slovakia. The was derived from genome-wide data collected for dairy (Jersey), dual-purpose (Slovak Pinzgau, Slovak Spotted), and beef breeds (Charolais, Limousine). commonly used indices, genomic inbreeding (FROH, FGRM, FHOM, FUNI) effective population size (NeLD), were quantify impact relatives mating on genome analysed populations. Even if low NeLD estimates signalise significant loss genetic variability within populations, under 1% (except Jersey) showed that intensity diversity is not so rapid can be managed by re-arrangement long-term breeding strategies. analysis differentiation degree across assumed specialisation during their grading-up led specific nucleotide changes, especially genes responsible preferred phenotypic traits. breed-specific differences observed mainly Charolais (carcass traits) Jersey (milk production resulted polymorphisms CAPN1 (μ-calpain) CSN1S2 (casein alpha s2) genes, respectively. Obtained results confirmed haplotypes are strongly associated with nature breed depending type.